manjaro系统安装以及美化

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U盘启动盘制作

manjaro的U盘启动盘如果使用UltroISO或者其他工具制作以后并不能启动,推荐使用Rufus,并且需要低版本.

在制作镜像过程中,要选择以DD镜像模式写入.

安装完成之后的设置

设置中国源

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sudo pacman-mirrors -i -c China -m rank # 之后会弹出框,进行选择即可
#更新系统软件
sudo pacman -Syu

之后还需要添加archlinuxcn源,不然很多软件找不到,编辑/etc/pacman.conf文件,添加

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[archlinuxcn]
SigLevel = TrustAll
Server = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch

然后执行

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sudo pacman -S archlinuxcn-keyring

然后就可以通过pacman命令安装各种软件了.

安装软件

如安装archlinuxcn库中的搜狗输入法

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sudo pacman -S fcitx-sogoupinyin

安装搜狗输入法以后需要配置~/.xprofile文件,加入

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> export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
> export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx
> export XMODIFIERS="@im=fcitx"
>

不然无法识别

AUR是Arch User Repository(Arch用户软件源),大多数情况下,pacman是不会对AUR的软件包进行更新的，因此需要安装专门的工具进行管理。

安装yay工具

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sudo pacman -S yay

然后就可以通过yay命令安装AUR仓库中的软件了.

美化

主题

安装numix cicle图标

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yay -S numix-circle-icon-theme-git

安装Latte dock软件

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sudo pacman -S latte-dock

在latte dock软件启动后,右键布局->配置中选择下载,可以联网下载macOS主题,然后选择应用即可.

同理,在系统设置中,可以从互联网上下载自己喜欢的主题,图标,开机登录界面,锁屏等.

字体

在不修改字体渲染的情况下,各种软件的中文字体会大小不一,包括在使用chrome浏览网站时.所以需要更改默认的字体渲染,在尝试微软雅黑等字体后,个人觉得思源黑体比较适合

安装思源黑体

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# 文泉驿黑
sudo pacman -S wqy-bitmapfont wqy-microhei wqy-microhei-lite wqy-zenhei
# 思源字体
sudo pacman -S noto-fonts-cjk adobe-source-han-sans-cn-fonts adobe-source-han-serif-cn-fonts

复制Windows下的字体至/usr/share/fonts文件夹下

参考链接:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Microsoft_fonts

中文版

修改渲染文件

  1. 在/etc/fonts下新建local.conf文件

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    <fontconfig>
        <match target="font">
            <edit name="autohint"> 
                <bool>false</bool>            
            </edit> 
            <edit name="hinting">
                <bool>false</bool>
            </edit>
            <edit name="hintstyle">
                <const>hintnone</const>
            </edit>
        </match>
        
        <match target="pattern">
            <test qual="any" name="family">
                <string>sans</string>
            </test>
            <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
                <string>Yahei Mono</string>
            </edit>
        </match>
        
        <match target="pattern">
            <test qual="any" name="family">
                <string>serif</string>
            </test>
            <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
                <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
            </edit>
        </match>
        
        <match target="pattern">
            <test qual="any" name="family">
                <string>sans serif</string>
            </test>
            <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
                <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
            </edit>
        </match>
        
        <match target="pattern">
            <test qual="any" name="family">
                <string>sans-serif</string>
            </test>
            <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
                <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
            </edit>
        </match>
        
        <match target="pattern">
            <test qual="any" name="family">
                <string>monospace</string>
            </test>
            <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
                <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
            </edit>
        </match>
    </fontconfig>

  2. 修改/etc/fonts/conf.d/69-language-selector-zh-cn.conf文件,添加思源黑体在第一位

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    <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>

    最终文件内容

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    <?xml version="1.0"?>
    <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
    <fontconfig>
            <match target="pattern">
            <test name="lang">
                <string>zh-cn</string>
            </test>
                    <test qual="any" name="family">
                            <string>serif</string>
                    </test>
                    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
                            <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
                            <string>Microsoft YaHei</string>
                            <string>Simsun</string>
                            <string>Droid Sans</string>
                            <string>HYSong</string>
                            <string>AR PL UMing CN</string>
                            <string>AR PL UMing HK</string>
                            <string>AR PL New Sung</string>
                            <string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string>
                            <string>AR PL UKai CN</string>
                            <string>AR PL ZenKai Uni</string>
                    </edit>
            </match> 
            <match target="pattern">
                    <test qual="any" name="family">
                            <string>sans-serif</string>
                    </test>
                    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
                            <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
                            <string>Microsoft YaHei</string>
                            <string>Simsun</string>
                            <string>Droid Sans</string>
                            <string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string>
                            <string>HYSong</string>
                            <string>AR PL UMing CN</string>
                            <string>AR PL UMing HK</string>
                            <string>AR PL New Sung</string>
                            <string>AR PL UKai CN</string>
                            <string>AR PL ZenKai Uni</string>
                    </edit>
            </match> 
            <match target="pattern">
                    <test qual="any" name="family">
                            <string>monospace</string>
                    </test>
                    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
                            <string>Monospace</string>
                            <string>Ubuntu Mono</string>
                            <string>DejaVu Sans Mono</string>
                            <string>Oxygen Mono</string>
                            <string>Microsoft YaHei</string>
                            <string>Simsun</string>
                            <string>Droid Sans</string>
                            <string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono</string>
                            <string>HYSong</string>
                            <string>AR PL UMing CN</string>
                            <string>AR PL UMing HK</string>
                            <string>AR PL New Sung</string>
                            <string>AR PL UKai CN</string>
                            <string>AR PL ZenKai Uni</string>
                    </edit>
            </match> 
    </fontconfig>

  1. 下边文件可以不配置,做个备份

    ~/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf文件内容:

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<?xml version='1.0'?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM 'fonts.dtd'>
<fontconfig>
 <its:rules version="1.0" xmlns:its="http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its">
  <its:translateRule selector="/fontconfig/*[not(self::description)]" translate="no"/>
 </its:rules>
 <!-- 
 Artificial oblique for fonts without an italic or oblique version
 -->
 <match target="font">
  <!-- check to see if the font is roman -->
  <test name="slant">
   <const>roman</const>
  </test>
  <!-- check to see if the pattern requested non-roman -->
  <test name="slant" compare="not_eq" target="pattern">
   <const>roman</const>
  </test>
  <!-- multiply the matrix to slant the font -->
  <edit name="matrix" mode="assign">
   <times>
    <name>matrix</name>
    <matrix>
     <double>1</double>
     <double>0.2</double>
     <double>0</double>
     <double>1</double>
    </matrix>
   </times>
  </edit>
  <!-- pretend the font is oblique now -->
  <edit name="slant" mode="assign">
   <const>oblique</const>
  </edit>
  <!-- and disable embedded bitmaps for artificial oblique -->
  <edit name="embeddedbitmap" mode="assign">
   <bool>false</bool>
  </edit>
 </match>
 <!--
 Synthetic emboldening for fonts that do not have bold face available
 -->
 <match target="font">
  <!-- check to see if the weight in the font is less than medium which possibly need emboldening -->
  <test name="weight" compare="less_eq">
   <const>medium</const>
  </test>
  <!-- check to see if the pattern requests bold -->
  <test name="weight" compare="more_eq" target="pattern">
   <const>bold</const>
  </test>
  <!--
                  set the embolden flag
                  needed for applications using cairo, e.g. gucharmap, gedit, ...
                -->
  <edit name="embolden" mode="assign">
   <bool>true</bool>
  </edit>
  <!--
                 set weight to bold
                 needed for applications using Xft directly, e.g. Firefox, ...
                -->
  <edit name="weight" mode="assign">
   <const>bold</const>
  </edit>
 </match>
 <match target="font">
  <edit name="hinting" mode="assign">
   <bool>true</bool>
  </edit>
 </match>
 <match target="font">
  <edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign">
   <const>hintfull</const>
  </edit>
 </match>
 <dir>~/.fonts</dir>
 <match target="font">
  <edit name="rgba" mode="assign">
   <const>vbgr</const>
  </edit>
 </match>
 <match target="font">
  <edit name="antialias" mode="assign">
   <bool>true</bool>
  </edit>
 </match>
</fontconfig>
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